Leviathan
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Leviathan

Written amid the chaos of the English Civil War, Hobbes’s masterwork argues that without a strong central authority human life descends into a ‘war of all against all,’ famously making existence ‘solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.’ To escape this state of nature, people surrender their freedom to an absolute sovereign—the Leviathan—in exchange for peace and security. Rigorous, provocative, and grimly logical, it laid the foundations of modern political philosophy and the theory of the social contract. Still fiercely debated today, Leviathan is essential reading for anyone seeking to understand power, the state, and why we obey.

About the Author

Thomas Hobbes

Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) was an English philosopher whose Leviathan is a founding work of modern political philosophy. His materialist, systematic thought profoundly shaped Western ideas of the state.

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Listen to Leviathan Audiobook Free

Listen to Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes free online. The full audiobook (11 hr 33 min, 32 chapters, read by volunteer narrators) streams free on this page.

Leviathan (1651) is a public domain work.

#ChapterLength
1Introduction8:28
2I - Of Sense4:46
3II - Of Imagination13:43
4III - Of the Consequence or Train of Imaginations12:15
5IV - Of Speech23:39
6V - Of Reason and Science15:21
7VI - Of the Interior Beginnings of Voluntary Motions, Commonly Called the Passions; and the Speeches by Which They are Expressed23:50
8VII - Of the Ends or Resolutions of Discourse10:04
9VIII - Of the Virtues Commonly Called Intellectual; and Their Contrary Defects24:20
10IX - Of the Several Subjects of Knowledge5:34
11X - Of Power, Worth, Dignity, Honour and Worthiness22:20
12XI - Of the Difference of Manners17:21
13XII - Of Religion28:07
14XIII - Of the Natural Condition of Mankind as Concerning Their Felicity and Misery14:03
15XIV - Of the First and Second Natural Laws, and of Contracts33:54
16XV - Of Other Laws of Nature41:51
17XVI - Of Persons, Authors, and Things Personated13:52
18XVII - Of the Causes, Generation, and Definition of a Commonwealth10:50
19XVIII - Of the Rights of Sovereigns by Institution21:05
20XIX - Of the Several Kinds of Commonwealth by Institution, and of Succession to the Sovereign Power24:50
21XX - Of Dominion Paternal and Despotical20:50
22XXI - Of the Liberty of Subjects24:15
23XXII - Of Systems Subject, Political and Private30:41
24XXIII - Of the Public Ministers of Sovereign Power10:22
25XXIV - Of the Nutrition and Procreation of a Commonwealth14:10
26XXV - Of Counsel18:20
27XXVI - Of Civil Laws46:43
28XXVII - Of Crimes, Excuses, and Extenuations43:45
29XXVIII - Of Punishments and Rewards21:31
30XXIX - Of Those Things that Weaken or Tend to the Dissolution of a Commonwealth28:05
31XXX - Of the Office of the Sovereign Representative37:12
32XXXI - Of the Kingdom of God by Nature27:10

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