Rakhaldas Bandyopadhyay was born on 12 April 1885 in Berhampore, Bengal Presidency, British India (now in West Bengal, India). He was an Indian archaeologist and an officer of the Archeological Survey of India.
He passed his entrance examination from the Krishnath College School in Berhampore in 1900. He lived in Bangaon. He passed his F.A. examination in 1903 and graduated from Presidency College, Kolkata with Honours in History in 1907. He obtained his M.A. in history from the Calcutta University in 1911.
Bandyopadhyay is known for unearthing pre-Buddhist artifacts at the ruins at Mohenjo-Daro and for noting similarities between the site at Mohenjo-Daro and Harappan. Those discoveries led to excavations at the two sites that established the existence of the then-unknown Bronze Age Indus Valley civilization.
