Notas

 

 

1. Uma aventura chamada “Europa”

 

1. Denis de Rougemont, “L’aventure mondiale des Européens” (1962), in Écrits sur l’Europe (Éditions de la Différence, Paris, 1994).

2. Citado de Cees Nooteboom, L’Enlèvement d’Europe (Calmann-Levy, Paris, 1994).

3. Alex Warleigh, Democracy in the European Union: theory, practice and reform (Sage, Londres, 2003). Ver também V. Goddard, J. Llobera e C. Shore (orgs.), The anthropology of European identity and boundaries in conflict (Berg, Oxford, 1994); e Norman Davies, Europe: a history (Pimlico, Londres, 1997).

4. Hans-Georg Gadamer, Das Erbe Europas (1989), aqui citado de L’héritage de l’Europe,trad.francesa de Philippe Invernel (Rivage Poche, Paris,1996),p.39-40.

5. Ver Krzysztof Pomian, “Europe et ses frontières”, in L’Europe retrouvée (Éditions de la Baconière, Neuchâtel, 1992).

6. Ver de Rougemont, “L’ aventure mondiale des Européens”.

7. Ver Gøran Therborn, “Entangled modernities”, European Journal of Social Theory (ago. 2003).

8. Ver Eduardo Lourenço, “De l’Europe comme culture”, in L’Europe introuvable (Éditions Métailié, Paris, 1991).

9. Michel de Montaigne, The complete essays, trad. de M. A. Screech (Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1991), p.231.

10. Ver Wolf Lepenies, “Koniec wieku Europy?”(O fim da era européia?), in Europa Wschodu i Zachodu (Poznañ, 1998).

11. Naomi Klein, “Fortress continents”, Guardian, 16 jan. 2003, p.23; publicado pela primeira vez no Nation.

12. Jelle van Buuren, “Les tentacules du système Schengen”, in Obsessions sécuritaires, número de Manière de Voir 71 (2003), p.24-6.

13. Citado de Alan Travis, “Tough asylum policy ‘hits genuine refugees’”, Guardian, 29 ago. 2003, p.11.

14. Couze Venn, “World dis/order: on some fundamental questions”, Theory, Culture, Society (ago. 2002), p.121-36.

15. Antonia Juhasz, “Capitalism gone wild”, Tikkun 1 (2004), p.19-22.

16. Naomi Klein, “America is not a hamburger”, Los Angeles Times, 10 mar. 2002; reimpr. in Klein, Fences and windows (Flamingo, Londres, 2002).

17. Ver Naomi Klein, No logo (Flamingo, Londres, 2001).

18. Ver Klein, Fences and windows.

19. Ver Ryszard Kapuœciñski, Lapidarium V (Varsóvia, 2002).

20. Ver Sheldon Rampton e John Stauber, “Trading on fear”, Guardian Weekend, 12 jul. 2003.

21. Joseph Stiglitz, “Trade imbalances”, Guardian, 15 ago. 2003.

22. Ver “L’ampleur des désaccords Nord-Sud met l’OMC en échec”, Le Monde, 16 set. 2003, p.2.

23. Em www.europa-we.de/europa/02wwswww/203chart/chartãgb.htm (acessado em abr. 2004).

24. Ver Jürgen Habermas, The liberating power of symbols (Polity, Cambridge, 2001).

25. V. Inozemtsev e E. Kuznetsova, “European values and American interests”, International Affairs 3 (2003), p.59-69.

26. Will Hutton, The world we are in (Little, Brown, Londres, 2002), p.370.

27. Ulrich K. Preuss, “The Iraq war: critical reflections from ‘Old Europe’”, Constellations 3 (2003), p.339-51.

28. Robert Kagan, “Power and weakness”, Policy Review (jun.-jul. 2002).

29. Étienne Balibar, “Europe: vanishing mediator”, Constellations 3 (2003), p.312-38.

30. Eugen Weber, “The myth of nation-state and the creation of the ‘other’”, Critical Review 3-4 (2003), p.387-402.

31. Robert Fine, “Taking the ‘ism’ out of cosmopolitanism”, European Journal of Social Theory 6 (2003), p.451-70.

32. Ver Richard Rorty, “Globalization, the politics of identity and social hope”, in Rorty, Philosophy and social hope (Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1999).

33. George Monbiot, “With eyes wide shut”, Guardian, 12 ago. 2003.

34. Ver Zygmunt Bauman, In search of politics (Polity, Cambridge, 1999) [Edição brasileira: Em busca da política (Rio de Janeiro, Jorge Zahar, 2000)]; e Society under siege (Polity, Cambridge, 2002).

 

2. À sombra do império

 

1. Zbigniew Brzezinski, The grand chessboard: American primacy and its geostrategic imperatives (Basic Books, Nova York, 1997), p.24.

2. Henry Kissinger, Does America need a foreign policy? Toward a diplomacy for the twenty-first century (Simon and Schuster, Nova York, 2001), p.17.

3. Joseph S. Nye Jr., The paradox of American power (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2002), p.1.

4. Robert Kagan, Of paradise and power: America and Europe in the new world order (Knopf, Nova York, 2003), p.36.

5. Michael Mann, Incoherent empire (Verso, Londres, 2003), p.13.

6. Ibid., p.18.

7. Michael Ignatieff, “The burden”, New York Times Magazine, 5 jan. 2002.

8. Tzvetan Todorov, Le nouveau désordre mondiale (Robert Laffont, Paris, 2003), p.18.

9. Ibid., p.20.

10. David Harvey, The new imperialism (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2003), p.23-5.

11. Ver John Pilger, “What good friends left behind”, Guardian Weekend, 20 set. 2003, p.43-9.

12. Benjamin R. Barber, Fear’s empire; war, terrorism, and democracy (W.W. Norton, Nova York, 2003), p.17.

13. Jürgen Habermas, The postnational constellation: political essays, trad. de Max Pensky (Polity, Cambridge, 2001), p.80, 61.

14. Polly Toynbee, “The real reason why we should fear immigration”, Guardian, 11 fev. 2004, p.20.

15. Rorty, “Globalization, the politics of identity and social hope”, p.233.

16. Richard Rorty, “Back to class politics”, in Rorty, Philosophy and social hope, p.258.

17. Ver Eric Leser, “L’amertume des cols bleus”, Le Monde, 16 jan.. 2004, p.15.

18. Segundo dados coletados por A. Krueger (“Economic scene”, New York Times, 3 abr. 2003) e J. Madrick (“The Iraq time bomb”, New York Times, 6 abr. 2003); ver Harvey, The new imperialism, p.206.

19. No Discurso sobre o Estado da União, 28 jan. 2003.

20. Barber, Fear’s empire, p.37.

21. Citado de Mark Seddon, “Bush and Blair promised justice in Iraq. Another lie”, Guardian, 30 jun. 2003, p.16.

22. Num livro de entrevistas conduzidas por Giovanna Borradori, aqui citado segundo a reprodução no Le Monde Diplomatique, fev. 2004, p.16, “Qui est-ce que le terrorisme?”

23. Habermas, The postnational constellation, p.17.

24. Barber, Fear’s empire, p.30.

25. Ibid., p.21.

26. Harvey, The new imperialism, p.141-2.

27. Ibid., p.150-1.

28. R. Wade e F. Veneroso, “The Asian crisis: the high debt model versus the Wall Street-Treasury-IMF complex”, New Left Review 228 (1998), p.3-23.

29. Kagan, “Power and weakness”.

30. Balibar, “Europe”.

31. Harvey, The new imperialism, p.16-17.

32. Fiz um levantamento desses fatores em meu livro Work, consumerism and the new poor (Open University Press, Buckingham, 1998; 2ª ed., 2004).

33. Allyson Pollock, “Selling off by stealth is here to stay”, Guardian, 11 fev. 2004, p.20.

34. Habermas, The postnational constellation, p.112.

35. Ulrich Beck, Risk society: towards a new modernity, trad. Mark Ritter (Sage, Londres, 1992), p.75.

36. Ver, de minha autoria, Wasted lives: modernity and its outcasts (Polity, Cambridge, 2004), p.46-53. [Edição brasileira: Vidas desperdiçadas: a modernidade e seus excluídos (Rio de Janeiro: Jorge Zahar, 2005)]

37. Ver Balibar, “Europe”.

38. Umberto Eco, La recherche de la langue parfaite dans la culture européenne (Seuil, Paris, 1994).

 

3. Do Estado social ao Estado da segurança

 

1. Ver Franz Kafka, “A toca”, aqui citado da tradução de Willa e Edwin Muir para The collected stories of Franz Kafka, org. por Nahum N. Glatzer (Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1988), p.325-59.

2. Robert Castel, L’insécurité sociale. Qu’est-ce qu’être protégé? (Seuil, Paris, 2003), p.5.

3. Sigmund Freud, Civilization and its discontents, aqui citado da edição Penguin Freud Library, vol. 12, p.274 ss.

4. Castel, L’insécurité sociale, p.6.

5. Ibid., p.22.

6. Ibid., p.46.

7. Ver, de minha autoria, Individualized society (Polity, Cambridge, 2002).

8. Ver Castel, L’insécurité sociale, p.47 ss.

9. Barber, Fear’s empire, p.158 ss.

10. Citado de “Asylum: a strategy emerges”, Guardian, 25 fev. 2004, p.1.

11. Ver Alain Morice, “L’Europe enterre le droit d’asile”, Le Monde Diplomatique, mar. 2004, p.14-15.

12. “Une généalogie de l’insécurité contemporaine”, entrevista com Philippe Robert, Esprit, dez. 2002, p.35-58.

13. Richard Sennett, The corrosion of character (W.W. Norton, Nova York, 1998), p.43.

14. Jacques Donzelot, “Les nouvelles inégalités et la fragmentation territoriale”, Esprit, nov. 2003, p.132-57.

15. Ver, de minha autoria, Liquid love (Polity, Cambridge, 2003). [Edição brasileira: Amor líquido (Rio de Janeiro: Jorge Zahar, 2004)]

16. Weber, “The myth of the nation-state”.

17. Jo Goodey, “Whose insecurity? Organized crime, its victims and the EU”, in Crime and insecurity: the governance of safety in Europe, org. por Adam Crawford (Willan Publishing, Cullompton, Devon, 2002), p.136 ss.

18. Rory Carroll, “In praise of smugglers”, Guardian, 2 set. 2000, p.8.

 

4. Rumo a um mundo hospitaleiro à Europa

 

1. Ver Todorov, Le nouveau désordre mondiale, p.87 ss.

2. Cornelius Castoriadis, “L’individu privatisé”, entrevista concedida a Robert Redeker em Toulouse, 22 mar. 1997, reimpressa no Le Monde Diplomatique, fev. 1998, p.23.

3. Ver Lionel Jospin, “Solidarity or playing solitaire”, Hedgehog Review (primavera de 2003), p.32-44.

4. Ver, por exemplo, Cris Shore, “Whither European citizenship?”, European Journal of Social Theory (fev. 2004), p.27-44.

5. Habermas, The postnational constellation, p.76.

6. Ibid., p.102.

7. Ibid., p.101.

8. Ibid., p.104.

9. Ibid., p.109.

10. Ibid., p.104, 108.

11. Ver Jan-Werner Müller, “Europe. Le pouvoir des sentiments: l’euro-patriotisme en question?”, La Vie des Idées (abr.-mai. 2004), p.19.

12. Ver Madeleine Bunting, “Listen to the crowds”, Guardian,13 mar.2004,p.21.

13. Franz Kafka, “Advocates”, trad. Tania Stern e James Stern, in The collected short stories of Franz Kafka, p.451.

 

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