Notas

 

Introdução

 

1 . Thomas Friedman, “Senseless in Seattle”, New York Times, 1º dez 1999. 2. Claudia Goldin e Cecilia Rouse, “Orchestrating impartiality: the impact of ‘blind’ auditions on female musicians”, American

Economic Review, set 2000.

3. Charles Himmelberg, Christopher Mayer e Todd Sinai, “Assessing High House prices: bubbles, fundamentals and

misperceptions”, Journal of Economics Perspectives, v.19, n.4, outono 2005.

4. David Brooks, “An economy of faith and trust”, New York Times, 16 jan 2009.

 

1. O pode r dos me rcados

 

1. M. Douglas Ivester, Comentários para o Clube Econômico de Chicago, 25 fev 1999. 2. Stephen Moore e Julian Simon, The Greatest Century That Ever Was: 25 Miraculous Trends of the Past 100 Years,

Cato Institute Policy Analysis, n.364, Washington, D.C., Cato Institute, 15 dez 1999.

3. Cara Buckley, “A man down, a train arriving, and a stranger makes a choice”, New York Times, 3 jan 2007. 4. Michael Grossman, “Health economics”, NBER Reporter, inverno 1998-99. 5. “America then and now: it’s all in the numbers”, New York Times, 31 dez 2000. 6 . “Relieving O’Hare”, The Economist, 10 jan 1998.

7. De 21 jun 2001, p.A1.

8. David Kushner, “The latest way to get cocaine out of Colombia? Underwater”, New York Times Sunday Magazine, 26 abr

2009.

9. Michael Cooper, “Transit use hit five-decade high in 2008 as gas prices rose”, New York Times, 9 mar 2009. 10. Fernando A. Wilson, Jim Stimpson e Peter E. Hilsenrath, “Gasoline prices and their relationship to rising motorcycle

fatalities, 1990-2007”, American Journal of Public Health, v.99, n.10, out 2009.

11. Jaime Sneider, “Good propaganda, bad economics”, New York Times, 16 mai 2000, p.A31. 12. Richard H. Thaler e Cass R. Sunstein, Nudge: Improving Decisions about Health, Wealth, and Happiness, New Haven,

Yale University Press, 2008 (ed. bras., Nudge: o empurrão para a escolha certa, Rio de Janeiro, Campus, 2010).

13. Press release da Academia de Ciências da Suécia, 9 out 2002. 14. Jonathan Gruber, “Smoking’s ‘internalities’”, Regulation, v.25, n.4, inverno 2002-03. 15. Annamaria Lusardi, “The importance of financial literacy”, NBER Reporter: Research Summary, n.2, 2009. 16 . Thomas Gilovich, Robert Vallone e Amos Tversky, “The hot hand in basketball: on the misperception of random sequences”,

Cognitive Psychology, n.17, 1985.

 

2. Ince ntivos importam

 

1. Embaixada da Costa Rica, Washington, D.C.

2 . Ian Fisher, “Victims of war: the jungle gorillas, and tourism”, New York Times, 31 mar 1999. 3. Daniel Yergin e Joseph Stanislav, The Commanding Heights, Nova York, Simon & Schuster, 1998, p.216-7. 4. “Paying teachers more”, The Economist, 24 ago 2000. 5 . David Stout, “Child safety seats to be required for commercial planes”, New York Times, 16 dez 1999, p.A20. 6. Julia Preston, “Mexico’s political inversion: the city that can’t fix the air”, New York Times, 4 fev 1996, seção 4, p.4. 7. Ibid.; Lucas W. Davis, “The effect of driving restrictions on air quality in Mexico City”, Journal of Political Economy,

v.116, n.1, fev 2008.

8 . “Avoiding Gridlock”, The Economist, 17 fev 2003.

9. “Ken’s Coup”, The Economist, 20 mar 2003.

10. “How to pay bosses”, The Economist, 16 nov 2002.

11. Floyd Norris, “Stock options: do they make bosses cheat?”, New York Times, 5 ago 2005. 12. Simon Johnson, “The quiet coup”, The Atlantic, mai 2009. 13. John Tierney, “A tale of two fisheries”, New York Times Magazine, 27 ago 2000, p.38. 14 . “A rising tide”, The Economist, 20 set 2008.

15. Dirk Johnson, “Leaving the farm for the other real world”, New York Times, 7 nov 1999, p.3. 16. Virginia Postrel, “The U.S. tax system is discouraging married women from working”, New York Times, 2 nov 2000, p.C2. 17 . Friedrich Schneider e Dominik H. Enste, “Shadow economies: size, causes, and consequences”, Journal of Economic

Literature, mar 2000.

 

3. Gove rno e e conomia I

 

1. Donald G. McNeil Jr., “A fouled city puts its foot down, but carefully”, New York Times, 9 nov 1999. 2 . “Mum’s the word”, The Economist, 5 dez 1998.

3. “Czechs puff away to the benefit of State coffers”, United Press International, 17 jul 2001. 4. Robert Frank, “Feeling crash-resistant in a SUV”, New York Times, 16 mai 2000. 5 . Katherine Q. Seelye, “Utility buys town it chocked, lock, stock, and blue plume”, New York Times, 13 mai 2002. 6. “Here’s hoping: a survey of Nigeria”, The Economist, 15 jan 2000. 7. Blaine Harden, “Angolan paradox: oil wealth only adds to misery”, New York Times, 9 abr 2000. 8. Barbara Crossette, “U.N. says bad government is often the cause of poverty”, New York Times, 5 abr 2000, p.A11. 9. John G. Fernald, “Roads to prosperity? Assessing the link between public capital and productivity”, American Economics

Review, v.89, n.3, jun 1999, p.619-38.

10. Jerry L. Jordan, “How to keep growing ‘New Economies’”, Economic Commentary, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland,

15 ago 2000.

11. Barry Bearak, “In India, the wheels of justice hardly move”, New York Times, 1º jun 2000. 12. Thomas L. Friedman, “I love D.C.”, New York Times, 7 nov 2000, p.A29. 13. Amartya Sen, Development as Freedom, Nova York, Alfred A. Knopf, 1999 (trad.bras., Desenvolvimento como

liberdade, São Paulo, Companhia das Letras, 2000; Companhia de Bolso, 2010).

14. Giacomo Balbinotto Neto, Ana Katarina Campelo e Everton Nunes da Silva, “The impact of presumed consent law on

organ donation: an empirical analysis from quantile regression for longitudinal data”, Berkeley Program in Law &

Economics, documento 050107-2, 2007.

 

4. Gove rno e e conomia II

 

1 . John Markoff, “CIA tries foray into capitalism”, New York Times, 29 set 1999. 2. De 6 mar 2001.

3. Jackie Calmes e Louise Story, “In Washington, one bank chief still holds sway”, New York Times, 19 jan 2009. 4. Milton Friedman, Capitalism and Freedom, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1982 (trad. bras., Capitalismo e

liberdade, Rio de Janeiro, Artenova, 1977).

5. Celia W. Dugger, “A cruel choice in New Delhi: Jobs vs. a safer environment”, New York Times, 24 nov 2000. 6. “A useful poison”, The Economist, 14 dez 2000.

7 . “Fighting malaria”, The Economist, 1º mai 2003.

8. “A useful poison”, The Economist, 14 dez 2000.

9. Gary Becker e Guity Nashat Becker, The Economics of Life, Nova York, McGraw-Hill, 1996. 10. Simeon Djankov, Rafael La Porta, Florencio Lopez-de-Silanes e Andrei Shleifer, The Regulation of Entry, documento de

trabalho do Nber, n.W7892, National Bureau of Economic Research, set 2000.

11. Geeta Anand, “India’s colleges battle a thicket of red tape”, Wall Street Journal, 13 nov 2008. 12. Stephen Castle, “Europe relaxes rules on sale of ugly fruits and vegetables”, New York Times, 13 nov 2008. 13 . Nicholas Lemann, “The quiet man: how Dick Cheneu rose to power”, The New Yorker, 7 mai 2001. 14. Bruce Bartlett, “How supply-side economics trickled down”, New York Times, 6 abr 2007. 15. Greg Mankiw, blog, 11 mar 2007.

16. Rebecca M. Blank, “Fighting poverty: lessons from recent U.S. History”, Journal of Economic Perspective, v.14, n.2,

primavera 2000.

17. Jerry L. Jordan, “How to keep growing ‘New Economies’”, Economic Commentary, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland,

15 ago 2000.

 

5. Economia da informação

 

1. Gary Becker, The Economics of Discrimination, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1971. 2 . Harry Holzer, Steven Raphael e Michael Stoll, “Perceived criminality, criminal background checks, and the racial hiring

practices of employers”, Journal of Law and Economics, v.XLIX, out 2006.

3. David Leonhardt, “In health reform, a cancer offers an acid test”, New York Times, 8 jul 2009. 4. “Testing times”, The Economist, 19 out 2000.

5 . “Outsourcing: separate and lift”, The Economist, 20 set 1997. 6. Geoffrey A. Fowler, “Kind of blue: in Asia, elite offices show off with icy tempera-tures”, Wall Street Journal, 24 ago

2005.

7. Alan B. Krueger, “Children smart enough to get into elite schools may not need to bother”, New York Times, 27 abr 2000,

p.C2.

8. Todos os exemplos de perfis raciais provêm de um instigante artigo sobre o tema: Jeffrey Goldberg, “The color of

suspicion”, New York Times Magazine, 20 jun 1999.

 

6. Produtividade e capital humano

 

1. Brier Dudley, “Gates wants to expand mega-house”, Seattle Times, 28 fev 2001. 2. “The rich get richer: a survey of India’s economy”, The Economist, 2 jun 2001. 3 . Evelyn Nieves, “Homeless defy cities’ drives to move them”, New York Times, 7 dez 1999. 4. “From boots to electronics: shutting military bases”, The Economist, 21 jun 1997. 5. T. Paul Schultz, “Health and schooling investments in Africa”, Journal of Economic Perspectives, v.13, n.3, verão 1999,

p.67-88.

6. Gary Becker, “Economic evidence on the value of education”, comentários para executivos da Lotus Development

Corporation, jan 1999.

7 . Gary Becker, Conferência Ryerson na Universidade de Chicago, conforme reimpresso in Becker, Human Capital, Chicago,

University of Chicago Press, 1993, p.21.

8 . Ibid., p.23.

9. Roger Lowenstein, “The inequality conundrum”, New York Times Sunday Magazine, 10 jun 2007. 10. Dora Costa, “The wage and the length of the work day: from the 1890s to 1991”, Journal of Labor Economics, jan 2000. 11. Toda a informação sobre desiguladade de renda, inclusive as citações de H.L. Mencken, foi extraída de Robert H. Frank,

“Why living in a rich society makes us feel poor”, New York Times Magazine, 15 out 2000.

12. Philippe Aghion, Eve Caroli e Cecilia Garcia-Penalosa, “Inequality and economic growth: the perspective of the new growth

theories”, Journal of Economic Literature, v.37, dez 1999), p.1615-60.

13. Marvin Zonis, comentários apresentados no Business Forescast Luncheon, da Universidade de Chicago, 6 dez 2000.

 

7. Me rcados finance iros

 

1. Johanna Berkman, “Harvard’s hoard”, New York Times Magazine, 24 jun 2001. 2. Richard Bradley, “Drew Gilpin Faust and the incredible shrinking Harvard”, Boston Magazine, 18 jun 2009. 3 . “For those in peril”, The Economist, 22 abr 2006.

4. Darren Rovell, Sports Biz, CNBC, 15 set 2009.

5. Joseph Treaster, “Even nature can be turned into security; high yield and big risk with catastrophe bonds”, New York Times,

6 ago 1997.

6. Simon Johnson, “The quiet soup”, The Atlantic, mai 2009. 7. Jane Spencer, “Lessons from the brain-damaged investor”, Wall Street Journal, 21 jul 2005. 8. Peter Coy, “Can you really beat the market?”, Business Week, 31 mai 1999. 9 . Burton G. Malkiel, “The price is (usually) right”, Wall Street Journal, 10 jun 2009.

10. Jon E. Hilsenrath, “As two economists debate markets, the tide shifts”, Wall Street Journal, 18 out 2004. 11. Ruth Simon, “Bonds let you sleep at night but at a price”, Wall Street Journal, 8 set 1998. 12. Matthew Kaminski, “The age of diminishing endowments”, Wall Street Journal, 6-7 jun 2009.

 

8. O pode r dos inte re sse s organizados

 

1. Robert Davis, “Museum garage is a fine cut; it may be pork, but city hungry”, Chicago Tribune, 5 mai 1994. 2. Jason Hill, Erik Nelson, David Tilman, Stephen Polasky e Douglas Tiffany, “Environmental, economic, and energetic costs

and benefits of biodiesel and ethanol biofuels”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciencies, v.103, n.30, 25 jul

2006.

3. Nicholas Kristof, “Ethanol for all its critics, fuels farmer support and Iowa’s role in presidential races”, New York Times, 21

jan 2000.

4. Robert Gordon, Thomas Kane e Douglas O. Staiger, “Identifying effective teachers using performance on the job”, The

Hamilton Project Policy Brief, n.2006-01, abr 2006.

5. Roger Ferguson Jr., “Economic policy for our era: the Ohio experience”, Economic Commentary, Federal Reserve Bank of

Cleveland, 15 mai 2000.

6 . Joe Klein, “Eight years: Bill Clinton looks back on his Presidency”, The New Yorker, 16 out 2000, p.201. 7. Elisabeth Kolbert, “Back to school”, The New Yorker, 5 mar 2001.

 

9. De olho no placar

 

1. Michael Cox e Richard Alm, Time Well Spent: The Declining Real Cost of Living in America, Federal Reserve Bank of

Dallas, Annual Report, 1997.

2. Oded Galor e David N. Weil, “Population, technology, and growth: from malthusian stagnation to the demographic transition

and beyond”, American Economic Review, v.20, n.4, set 2000.

3. Miriam Jordan, “Leprosy remains a foe in country winning the fight against aids”, Wall Street Journal, 20 ago 2001. 4. Jane Spencer, “Why Beijing is trying to tally the hidden costs of pollution as China’s economy booms”, Wall Street Journal,

2 out 2006.

5 . David Leonhardt, “If richer isn’t happier, what is?”, New York Times, 19 mai 2001. 6. Daniel Kahneman, Alan B. Krueger, David Schkade, Norbert Schwarz e Arthur Stone, “Toward national well-being

accounts”, American Economic Review, v.94, n.2, mai 2004.

7. “Economics discovers its feelings”, The Economist, 23 dez 2006. 8. Alexander Stille, “A happiness index with a long reach: beyond GNP to subtler measures”, New York Times, 20 mai 2000,

p.A17.

9 . Edward Hadas e Richard Beales, “Sarkozy imagines: no GDP”, Wall Street Journal, 10 jan 2008; David Jolly, “GDP seen

as inadequate measure of economic health”, New York Times, 15 set 2009.

10 . David Gonzalez, “A coffee crisis’ devastating domino effect in Nicaragua”, New York Times, 29 ago 2001. 11. Christina D. Romer, “Back from the Brink”, discurso proferido no Federal Reserve Bank de Chicago, 24 set 2009. 12. James B. Stewart, “Eight days: the battle to save the American financial system”, The New Yorker, 21 set 2009. 13. Rebecca Kern, “Girl scout cookie sales crumble”, USA Today, 20 fev 2009. 14. “Hard times”, The Economist, 10 set 2009.

15 . Christina D. Romer, “The economic crisis: causes, policies, and outlook”, depoimento perante o Joint Economic Commitee,

30 abr 2009.

16 . Bruce Bartlett, “What tax cuts can’t do”, New York Times, 20 dez 2000. 17. Romer, discurso no Chicago Federal Reserve.

18. Jagadeesh Gokhale, “Are we saving enough?, Economic Commentary, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, jul 2000. 19. “What a peculiar cycle”, The Economist, 10 mar 2001. 20. James W. Paulsen, Economic and Market Perspective, Wells Capital Management, out 1999.

 

10. O Fe de ral Re se rve

 

1. R.A. Mundell, “A reconsideration of the twentieth century”, American Economic Review, v.90, n.3, jun 2000, p.327-40. 2. Justin Scheck, “Mackarel economics in prison leads to appreciation for oily filets”, Wall Street Journal, 2 out 2008. 3. David Berreby, “All about currency printers: the companies that make money from making money”, New York Times, 23

ago 1992.

4. Paul Krugman, “Fear itself”, New York Times Magazine, 30 set 2001. 5. Stephanie Strom, “Deflation shackles Japan, blocking hope of recovery”, New York Times, 12 mar 2001. 6 . N. Gregory Mankiw, Principles of Economics, Fort Worth, Tx., Dryden Press, 1998, p.606. 7. Stephen G. Cecchetti, “Crisis and responses: the federal reserve in the early stages of the financial crisis”, Journal of

Economic Perspectives, v.23, n.1, inverno 2009.

8. “The very model of a central banker”, The Economist, 27 ago 2009.

 

11. Economia inte rnacional

 

1. Thomas Jaffe e Dyan Machan, “How the market overwhelmed the Central Banks”, Forbes, 9 nov 1992. 2. Anatole Kaletsky, “How Mr. Soros made a billion by betting against the pound”, The Times of London, 26 out 1992. 3 . “Big Mac currencies”, The Economist, 25 abr 2002.

4. Sylvia Nasar, “Weak dollar makes U.S. world’s bargain bazaar”, New York Times, 28 set 1992. 5. Ian Rowley, “Why Japan hasn’t stopped the yen’s rise”, Business Week (on-line), 15 jan 2009. 6. Paul Krugman, “Misguided monetary mentalities”, New York Times, 12 out 2009. 7. Maurice Obstfeld e Kenneth Rogoff, “The mirage of fixed exchange rates”, documento de trabalho do National Bureau of

Economic Research, n.w5191, jul 1995.

8. Anthony Ramirez, “Pepsi will be bartered for ships and vodka in deal with Soviets”, New York Times, 9 abr 1990. 9 . Peter Gumble, “Iceland: the country that became a hedge fund”, CNN Money. com, 4 dez 2008. 10. “Cracks in the crust”, The Economist, 11 dez 2008.

11. Associated Press, conforme relatado por Yahoo! Finance. “Iceland says goodbye to the Big Mac”, 26 out 2009. 12. “No pain, no gain”, The Economist, 13 dez 2003.

13. James Fallows, “The $ 1.4 trillion question”, The Atlantic, jan-fev 2008. 14 . Ibid.

15. “Reforming the sisters”, The Economist, 17 fev 2001. 16. Ibid.

 

12. Transaçõe s de ne gócios e globalização

 

1. Paul Krugman, “The magic mountain”, New York Times, 23 jan 2001. 2 . Charles Wheelan, “Fast-food, balinese style”, Valley News, 25 jan 1989, p.18. 3. “The battle in Seattle”, The Economist, 27 nov 1999.

4. “Economic nationalism: bashing foreigners in Iowa”, The Economist, 21 set 1991. 5 . Mary E. Burfisher, Sherman Robinson e Karen Thierfelder, “The impact of Nafta on the United States”, Journal of

Economic Perspectives, v.15, n.1, inverno 2001.

6. Dan Barry, “A Mill closes, and a Hamlet fades to black”, New York Times, 16 fev 2001. 7. Marvin Zonis, “Globalization”, National Strategy Forum Review: Strategic Outlook 2001, National Strategy Forum,

primavera 2007.

8. Kenneth F. Scheve e Matthew J. Slaughter, “A new deal for globalization”, Foreign Affairs, jul-ago 2007. 9 . David Cortright e George A.Lopez (orgs.), The Sanctions Decade: Assessing UN Strategies in the 1990s, Boulder,

Colo., Lynne Rienner, 2000.

10. Anthony DePalma e Simon Romero, “Orange juice tariff hinders trade pact for U.S. and Brazil”, New York Times, 24 abr

2000, p.A1.

11. “UN chief blames rich nations for failure of trade talks”, New York Times, 13 fev 2000, p.12. 12. Thomas Friedman, “Protesting for whom?”, New York Times, 24 abr 2001. 13 . Nicholas D. Kristof e Sheryl WuDunn, “Two cheers for sweatshops”, New York Times Magazine, 24 set 2000, p.70-1. 14. Thomas Friedman, “Praising the protests”, New York Times, 14 abr 2000, p.31. 15. Zonis, “Globalization”.

16. “Web sites provide opportunity for artisans around the world to sell their wares thus increasing living standards”, National

Public Radio, 11 set 2000.

17 . Kristof e WuDunn, op.cit.

18. “A survey of globalization”, The Economist, 29 set 2001. 19. Kristof e WuDunn, op.cit.

20 . Paul Krugman, “Hearts and heads”, New York Times, 22 abr 2001. 21. “Economic man, cleaner planet”, The Economist, 29 set 2001. 22. Krugman, op.cit.

23. John Micklethwait e Adrian Wooldridge, “Why the globalization backlash is stupid”, Foreign Policy, set-out 2001.

 

13. Economia do de se nvolvime nto

 

1 . “Sem título”, The Economist, 31 mar 2001.

2. World Development Report 2008, Banco Mundial, Nova York, Oxford University Press, 2000. 3. William Easterly, The Elusive Quest for Growth, Cambridge, Mass., MIT Press, 2001, p.285 (trad. bras., O espetáculo do

crescimento, Rio de Janeiro, Ediouro, 2004).

4. World Development Report 2002: Building Institutions for Markets, Banco Mundial, Oxford University Press, p.3. 5. Thomas L. Friedman, “I love D.C.”, New York Times, 7 nov 2000, p.A29. 6. Daron Acemoglu, Simon Johnson e James Robinson, The Colonial Origins of Comparative Development: An Empirical

Investigation, documento de trabalho do NBER, n.W7771, National Bureau of Economic Research, jun 2000.

7. Daniel Kaufmann, Aart Kraay e Pablo Zoido-Lobatón, Governance Matters, Washington, D.C., World Bank, out 1999. 8 . “Sem título”, op.cit.

9. Erica Field, “Entitled to work: urban property rights and labor supply in Peru”, manuscrito, s/d. 10. “A Coke and a frown”, The Economist, 7 out 2000, p.73. 11. “Sem título”, op.cit.

12. Gary S. Becker, Human Capital, p.24.

13 . Easterly, The Elusive Quest for Growth, p.160.

14. “Fare thee well, Iowa”, The Economist, 18 ago 2001. 15. Jeffrey Sachs, Tropical Underdevelopment, documento de trabalho do NBER, n.W8119, National Bureau of Economic

Research, fev 2001.

16. Donald G. McNeil, “Drug companies and Third World: a case study in neglect”, New York Times, 21 mai 2000. 17. Rachel Glennerster e Michael Kremer, “A better way to spur medical research and development”, Regulation, v.23, n.2. 18. Jeffrey Sachs, “Nature, nurture, and growth”, The Economist, 14 jun 1997. 19 . Jeffrey Sachs, “Growth in Africa: it can be done”, The Economist, 29 jun 1996. 20. Jeffrey A. Frankel e David Romer, “Does trade cause growth?”, American Economic Review, v.89, n.3, jun 1999, p.379-

99.

21. Sachs, “Growth in Africa”.

22. Jeffrey D. Sachs e Andrew M. Warner, “The big push: natural resource booms and growth”, Journal of Development

Economics, jun 1999, apud Economic Intuition, Montreal, outono 1999.

23 . “Tracking Angola’s oil money”, The Economist, 15 jan 2000, p.48. 24. Blaine Harden, “Angolan paradox: oil wealth only adds to misery”, New York Times, 9 abr 2000. 25. “Open to the winds: a nation of traders”, The Economist, 12 set 1987. 26 . Norimitsu Onishi e Neela Banerjee, “Chad’s wait for its oil riches may be long”, New York Times, 16 mai 2001. 27. Amartya Sen, Development as Freedom, Nova York, Alfred A. Knopf, 1999, p.152 (trad. bras., Desenvolvimento como

liberdade, São Paulo, Companhia das Letras, 2000).

28. Paul Collier, The Bottom Billion: Why the Poorest Countries Are Failing and What Can Be Done About It, Nova York,

Oxford University Press, 2007.

29. “Coke and Al-Qaeda”, The Economist, 3 abr 2004.

30 . Nicholas D. Kristof e Sheryl WuDunn, “The women’s crusade”, New York Times Magazine, 23 ago 2009. 31. “Self-doomed to failure”, The Economist, 6 jul 2002.

32. Kristof e WuDunn, “The women’s crusade”.

33. Jeffrey Sachs, “The best possible investments in Africa”, New York Times, 10 fev 2001. 34. “What’s good for the poor is good for America”, The Economist, 14 jul 2001. 35 . Jeffrey Sachs, “Growth in Africa: it can be done”, The Economist, 29 jun 1996. 36. William Easterly, The White Man’s Burden, Nova York, Penguin, 2007. 37. William Easterly, “Was development assistance a mistake”, American Economic Review, v.97, n.2, mai 2007. 38 . Craig Burnside e David Dollar, “Aid, policies, and growth”, American Economic Review, v.90, n.4, set 2000, p.847-68. 39. Dani Rodrik, “Goodbye Washington Consensus, hello Washington confusion? A review of the Worls Bank’s Economic

Growth in the 1990s: Learning from a Decade of Reform”, Journal of Economic Literature, v.XLIV, dez 2006.

 

Epílogo: A vida e m 2050

 

1 . “Out of sight, out of mind”, The Economist, 18 mai 2001. 2. Denise Grady, “In quest to cure rare diseases, some get left out”, New York Times, 16 nov 1999. 3. Anthony Lewis, “A civilized society”, New York Times, 8 set 2001. 4 . Phred Dvorak, “A puzzle for Japan: rock-bottom rates, but few borrowers”, Wall Street Journal, 25 out 2001. 5. Simon Johnson, “The quiet coup”, The Atlantic, mai 2009.