Gênero e os Nossos Cérebros

Gina Rippon · Capítulo 23 de 46

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Gênero e os Nossos Cérebros

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CAPÍTULO 1: Por dentro de sua linda cabecinha

– Começa a caçada

1. F. Poullain de la Barre, De l’égalité des deux sexes, discours physique et moral où l’on voit l’importance de se défaire des préjugés (Paris, Jean Dupuis, 1673), traduzido por D. M. Clarke como The Equality of the Sexes (Manchester, Manchester University Press, 1990). A importância de Poullain de la Barre foi detalhada na maravilhosamente abrangente história das mulheres e da ciência de Londa Schiebinger, The Mind Has No Sex? Women in the Origins of Modern Science

(Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 1991). • 2. F. Poullain de la Barre, De l’éducation des dames pour la conduite de l’esprit, dans les sciences et dans les moeurs: entretiens (Paris, Jean

Dupuis, 1674). • 3. “Si l’on y fait attention, l’on trouvera que chaque science de raisonnement demande moins d’esprit de temps qu’il n’en faut pour bien apprendre le point ou la tapisserie.” (“Quem prestar atenção, verá que toda ciência racional exige menos inteligência e menos tempo do que o necessário para bem aprender bordado ou tapeçaria.” (Poullain de la Barre, The Equality of the

Sexes, p. 86.) • 4. “L’anatomie la plus exacte ne nous fait remarquer aucune difference dans cette partie entre les hommes et les femmes; le cerveau de celles-si est entierement semblable au otre.”

(Poullain de la Barre, The Equality of the Sexes, p. 88.) • 5. “Il est aise de remarquer que les differences des sexe ne regardent que le corps [...] l’esprit [...] n’a point de sexe.” (“é fácil ver que as diferenças sexuais aplicam-se não só ao corpo [...] a mente [...] não tem sexo.” (Poullain de la Barre,

The Equality of the Sexes, p. 87.) • 6. L. K. Kerber, “Separate Spheres, Female Worlds, Woman’s

Place: The Rhetoric of Women’s History”, Journal of American History 75:1 (1988), pp. 9-39. • 7. E.

M. Aveling, “The Woman Question”, Westminster Review 125:249 (1886), pp. 207-22. • 8. C. Darwin, The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex, 2ª ed. (Londres, John Murray, 1888),

vol. 1. • 9. G. Le Bon (1879) citado em S. J. Gould, The Panda’s Thumb: More Reflections in Natural

History (Nova York, W. W. Norton, 1980). • 10. G. Le Bon (1879) citado em Gould, The Panda’s

Thumb. • 11. S. J. Morton, Crania Americana; or, a comparative view of the skulls of various aboriginal nations of North and South America: to which is prefixed an essay on the varieties of the

human species (Filadélfia, J. Dobson, 1839). • 12. G. J. Romanes, “Mental Differences of Men and Women”, Popular Science Monthly 31 (1887), pp. 383-401; J. S. Mill, The Subjection of Women

(Londres, Transaction, [1869] 2001). • 13. T. Deacon, The Symbolic Species: The Co-evolution of

Language and the Human Brain (Allen Lane, Londres, 1997). • 14. E. Fee, “Nineteenth-Century Craniology: The Study of the Female Skull”, Bulletin of the History of Medicine 53:3 (1979), pp.

415-33. • 15. A. Ecker, “On a Characteristic Peculiarity in the Form of the Female Skull, and Its

Significance for Comparative Anthropology”, Anthropological Review 6:23 (1868), pp. 350-56. • 16. J. Cleland, “VIII. An Inquiry into the Variations of the Human Skull, Particularly the Anteroposterior

Direction”, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 160 (1870), pp. 117-74. • 17. J. Barzan,

Race: A Study in Superstition (Nova York, Harper & Row, 1965). • 18. A. Lee, “V. Data for the Problem of Evolution in Man – VI. A First Study of the correlation of the Human Skull”,

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A 196:274-86, 1901), pp. 225-64. • 19. K. Pearson, “On the Relationship of Intelligence to Size and Shape of Head, and to Other Physical and Mental

Characters”, Biometrika 5:1-2 (1906), pp. 105–46. • 20. F. J. Gall, On the Functions of the Brain and of Each of Its Parts: with observations on the possibility of determining the instincts, propensities, and talents, or the moral and intellectual dispositions of men and animals, by the configuration of the