A Enxada e a Lança
Bibliografia
Este capítulo é longo, por isso está dividido em 3 partes.
Abraham , Donald P. “Maram uca: an Exercise in the Com bined Use of
Portuguese Records and Oral Tradition”, The Journal of African History. Londres: v. II (1961), nº 2.
Abraham , Donald P. “The Early Political History of the Kingdom of Mwene
Mutapa (850-1589)”, em Historian in Tropical Africa (Proceedings of the Leverkulm e Inter-collegiate History Conference). Salisbury : 1962.
Abraham , Donald P. “The Ethnohistory of the Em pire of Mutapa, Problem s and
Methods”, em The Historian in Tropical Africa, org. por J. Vansina, R. Mauny e L.V. Thom as. Londres: Oxford University Press/International African Institute, 1964.
Abungu, George H.O., e Mutoro, Henry W. “Coast-Interior Settlem ents and
Social Relations in the Keny a Coastal Hinterland”, em The Archaeology of Africa: Food, Metals and Towns, org. por Thurstan Shaw, Paul Sinclair, Bassey Andah e Alex Okpoko. Londres: Routledge, 1993.
Adam , Shehata, e Vercoutter, J. “A im portância da Núbia: um elo entre a África
Central e o Mediterrâneo”, em História geral da África, org. pela Unesco, v. II, coord. por G. Mokhtar. São Paulo: Ática/Unesco, 1980.
Adam s, William Y. Nubia: Corridor to Africa. Londres: Allen Lane, 1977. Adam u, M. “The Hausa and Their Neighbours in the Central Sudan”, em General
History of Africa, org. pela Unesco, v. IV, org. por D.T. Niane. Londres: Heinem ann/University of California Press/Unesco, 1984.
Adebay o, A.G. “Of Man and Cattle: A Reconsideration of the Traditions of Origin
of Pastoral Fulani of Nigeria”, History in Africa. Atlanta: v. 18 (1991).
Afigbo, A.E. “Igboland before 1800”, em Groundwork of Nigerian History, org.
por Obaro Ikim e. Ibadan: Historical Society of Nigeria/Heinem ann Educational Books, 1984.
“African Studies sy m posium in Cracow”, Africana Bulletin. Varsóvia: v. VI
(1967).
Africano, Leão. Descrizione dell’Africa, em Giovanni Battista Ram usio:
Navigazioni e Viaggi, anotado por Marica Milanesi, v. I. Turim : Giulio Einaudi, 1978.
Agiri, B.A. “Early Oy o History Reconsidered”, History in Africa. Waltham : v. 2
(1975).
Aiello, L. “The Fossil Evidence for Modern Hum an Origins in Africa: a Revised
View.” Am erican Anthropologist, v. 95 (1993).
Aj ay i, A.J.A., e Crowder, Michael. (org.) Historical Atlas of Africa. Cam bridge:
Cam bridge University Press, 1985.
Aj ay i, J.F.A., e Crowder, Michael (org.) History of West Africa, v. I. Londres:
Longm an, 2ª ed., 1976; 3ª ed., 1985.
Akinj ogbin, I.A. Dahom ey and its Neighbours (1708-1818). Cam bridge:
Cam bridge University Press, 1967.
Akinj ogbin, I.A. “Ife, the Hom e of a New University ”, Nigeria Magazine. Lagos:
1967, nº 92.
Akinj ogbin, I.A. “Le Concept de pouvoir dans l’Afrique traditionnelle: l’aire
culturelle y oruba”, Le Concept de Pouvoir en Afrique. Paris: Les Presses de l’Unesco, 1981.
Akinj ogbin, I.A., e Ay andele, E. A. “Yorubaland up to 1800”, em Groundwork of
Nigerian History, org. por Obaro Ikim e. Ibadan: Historical Society of Nigeria/Heinem ann Educational Books, 1984.
Akinrinade, Olusola. “My th as History : a Critique of the Traditions of Origin of
Nigerian Ethnic Groups”, África. São Paulo: 1985, nº 8.
Akinsem oy in, Kunle, e Vaughan-Richards, Alan. Building Lagos. Jersey : Pengrail
Ltd., 1977.
Alagoa, E.J. “Long Distance Trade and States in the Niger Delta”, The Journal of
African History. Londres: v. XI (1970), nº 3.
Alagoa, E.J. “The Developm ent of Institutions in the States of the Eastern Niger
Delta”, The Journal of African History, v. XII (1971), nº 2.
Alagoa, E.J. A History of the Niger Delta: an Historical Interpretation of Ij o Oral
Tradition. Ibadan: Ibadan University Press, 1972.
Alagoa, E.J. “The Niger Delta States and Their Neighbours, to 1800”, em The
History of West Africa, org. por J.F.A. Aj ay i e Michael Crowder, v. I, 2ª ed. Londres: Longm an, 1976.
Alagoa, E.J. “Peoples of the Cross River Valley and the Eastern Niger Delta”, em
Groundwork of Nigerian History, org. por Obaro Ikim e. Ibadan: Historical Society of Nigeria/Heinem ann Educational Books, 1984.
Al-Arm ani, Abu Salih. Churches and Monasteries of Egy pt, trad. de B.T.A.
Evetts, notas de A. J. Buttler. Oxford: 1893.
Alcáçovas, Diogo. Carta ao rei de Portugal, de 20 de novem bro de 1506, em
Docum entos sobre os portugueses em Moçam bique e na África Central, 1497-1840, org. por A. da Silva Rego e T. W. Baxter, v. I. Lisboa: Centro de Estudos Históricos Ultram arinos e National Archives of Rodhesia, 1962.
Alexander, John. “The Saharan Divide in the Nile Valley : the Evidence from
Qasr Ibrim ”, African Archaeological Review. Cam bridge: v. 6 (1988).
Allen, Jam es de V. “Propositions en vue d’études sur l’Océan Indien”, em
Relations historiques à travers d’océan Indien. Paris: Unesco, 1980.
Allen, Jam es de V. Swahili Origins, Swahili Culture and the Shungway a
Phenom ena. Londres: Jam es Currey, 1992.
Allen, J.W.T. “Rhapta”, Tangany ka Notes and Records. Dar-es-Salam : nº 27,
1949.
Alm ada, André Álvares de. Tratado breve dos rios de Guiné do Cabo Verde,
desde o rio Sanagá até aos baixios de Sant’Anna etc. etc., publicado por Diogo Köpke. Porto: Ty pographia Com m ercial Portuense, 1841.
Alpers, Edward A. “Dy nasties of the Mutapa-Rozwi Com plex”, The Journal of
African History. Londres: v. XI (1970), nº 2.
Alpers, Edwards A. Ivory and Slaves in East Central Africa: Changing Patterns of
International Trade to the Late Nineteenth Century. Londres: Heinem ann, 1975.
Al-Sadi. Ta’rikh as-Soudan, trad. de O. Houdas. Paris: Leroux, 1900. Álvares, Francisco. Verdadeira inform ação das terras do Preste João das Índias,
anotada e atualizada na grafia por Augusto Reis Machado. Lisboa: Agência-Geral do Ultram ar, 1974.
Andah, B. W., e Anquandah, J. “The Guinean Belt: the Peoples Between Mount
Cam eroon and the Ivory Coast”, em General History of Africa, org. pela Unesco, v. III, org. por M. El Fasi e I. Hrbek. Londres: Heinem ann/University of California Press/Unesco, 1988.
Anderson, Julie R. “The Medieval Kingdom s of Nubia”, em Sudan Ancient
Treasures: an Exhibition of Recent Discoveries from the Sudan National Museum , org. por Derek A. Welsby e Julie Anderson. Londres: The British Museum Press, 2004.
Andrade, Mário de. Danças dram áticas do Brasil, ed. organizada por Oney da
Alvarenga. São Paulo: Livraria Martins Editora, 1959.
Anfray, Francis. “Aspects de l’archéologie ethiopienne”, The Journal of African
History. Londres: v. IX (1968), nº 3.
Anfray, Francis. “A Civilização de Axum do século I ao século VII”, em História
geral da África, org. pela Unesco, v. II, coord. por G. Mokhtar. São Paulo: Ática/Unesco, 1980.
Anquandah, Jam es. Rediscovering Ghana’s Past. Harlow: Longm an, 1982. Anquandah, Jam es. “The Kintam po Com plex: a Case Study of Early Sedentism
and Food Production in sub-Sahelian Africa”, em The Archaeology of Africa: Food, Metals and Towns, org. por Thurstan Shaw, Paul Sinclair, Bassey Andah e Alex Okpoko. Londres: Routledge, 1993.
Anquandah, Jam es. “Urbanization and State Form ation in Ghana During the Iron
Age”, em The Archaeology of Africa: Food, Metals and Towns, org. por Thurstan Shaw, Paul Sinclair, Bassey Andah e Alex Okpoko. Londres:
Routledge, 1993.
Apter, Andrew: “The Historiography of Yoruba My th and Ritual”, History in
Africa. Los Angeles: v. 14 (1987).
Aristóteles. Art rhétorique et art poétique, trad. de Voilquin e Capelle. Paris:
Garnier, 1944.
Arkell, A.J. Early Khartoum : An Account of the Excavations of an Early
Occupation Site Carried out by the Sudan Governm ent Antiquities Service, 1944-1945. Londres: Oxford University Press, 1949.
Arkell, A.J. Shaheinab: An Account of the Excavation of a Neolithic Occupation
Site Carried out for the Sudan Antiquities Service in 1949. Londres: Oxford University Press, 1953.
Arkell, A.J. “A Christian Church and Monastery at Ain Farah, Darfur”, Kush, a
Journal of the Sudan Antiquities Services. Cartum : 7 (1959).
Arkell, A.J. A History of the Sudan from the Earliest Tim es to 1821. Londres:
Athlone Press, 1961.
Arm elagos, George J., Gerven, Denis P. van, e Carlson, David S. “Racial History
and Bio-Cultural Adaptation of Nubian Archaeological Populations”, The Journal of African History. Londres: v. XIV (1973), nº 4.
Atherton, John H., e Kalous, Milan. “Nom oli”, The Journal of African History.
Londres: v. XI (1970), nº 3.
Aum assip, Ginette. “Entre Adrar des Ifoghas, Tassili et Aïr: les contacts du basin
avec Le Nord-Est”, em Vallées du Niger, catálogo de exposição (com issário geral: Jean Devisse). Paris: Réunion des Musées Nationaux, 1993.
Baikie, W. B. Narrative of an Exploring Voy age up the Rivers Kwora and Benue
in 1854. Londres: 1856.
Balandier, Georges. La vie quotidienne au roy am e de Kongo du XVIe au XVIIIe
siècle. Paris: Hachette, 1965.
Balandier, Georges. “Les sociétés négro-africaines”, em Histoire générale de
l’Afrique Noire, org. por Hubert Descham ps, v. I. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1970.
Balandier, Georges, e Maquet, Jacques (org.). Dictionnaire des civilisations
africaines. Paris: Hazan, 1968.
Balout, L. “A hom inização: problem as gerais”, em História geral da África, org.
pela Unesco, v. I, coord. de J. Ki-Zerbo. São Paulo: Ática/Unesco, 1980.
Barbosa, Duarte. “Descrição da situação, costum es e produtos de alguns lugares
da África”, em Docum entos sobre portugueses em Moçam bique e na África Central, 1497-1840, org. por A. da Silva Rego e T. W. Baxter, v. V.
Lisboa: Centro de Estudos Históricos Ultram arinos, 1966.
Barbot, Jean. A Description of the Coasts of North and South Guinea. Londres:
1732.
Barkindo, Bawuero. “Early States of Central Sudan: Kanem , Borno and Som e of
Their Neighbours to c. 1500 AD”, em History of West Africa, org. por J.F.A. Aj ay i e Michael Crowder, v. I, 3ª ed. Londres: Longm an, 1985.
Barros, João de. Ásia. Dos feitos que os portugueses fizeram no descobrim ento e
conquista dos m ares e terras do Oriente. Prim eira Década. 4ª ed. revista e prefaciada por António Baião. Coim bra: Im prensa da Universidade, 1932; e 6ª ed., atualizada na ortografia e anotada por Hernâni Cidade, com notas históricas finais por Manuel Múrias. Lisboa: Editorial Ática, 1945.
Barth, Heinrich. Travels and Discoveries in North and Central Africa, Being a
Journal of an Exploration Undertaken Under the Auspices of HBM’s Governm ent in the Years 1849-1855. Londres: Frank Cass, 1965.
Bar-Yosef, O. “Pleistocene connexions between Africa and Southwest Asia: an
Archaeological Perspective”, African Archaelogical Review. Cam bridge: v. 5 (1987).
Bassani, Ezio, e Fagg, William B. Africa and the Renaissance: Art in Ivory. Nova
York: The Center for African Art, 1988.
Bastide, Roger. As religiões africanas no Brasil: contribuição a um a sociologia das
interpretações de civilizações (trad. de Les religions africaines au Brésil, por Maria Eloísa Capellato e Olívia Krähenbühl). São Paulo: Livraria Pioneira Editora/Universidade de São Paulo, 1960.
Bastide, Roger. Estudos afro-brasileiros. São Paulo: Editora Perspectiva, 1973. Bathily, Abdoulay e. Les portes de l’Or: Le roy aum e de Galam (Sénégal) de l’ére
m usulm ane au tem ps des nègriers (VIIIe-XVIIIe siècle). Paris: Editions l’Harm atan, 1989.
Batra–n, ‘Abd-al-Aziz ‘Abd-Allah. “A Contribution to the Biography of Shaikh
Muham m ad ibn’Abd-al-Karim ibn Muham m ad (‘Um ar-A’Mar) al-Maghili, al-Tilim sani”, The Journal of African History. Londres: v. XIV (1973), nº 3.
Battel, Andrew. The Strange Adventures of Andrew Battel of Leigh, ed. de E. G.
Ravenstein. Londres: 1901.
Baum ann, H. “The Division of Work According to Sex in African Hoe Culture”,
Africa. Londres: v. I (1928), nº 3.
Baum ann, H., e Westerm ann, D. Les peuples et les civilisations de l’Afrique (trad.
de L. Hom burguer). Paris: Pay ot, 1948.
Baxter, H.C. “Pangani: the Trade Centre of Ancient History ”, Tangany ika Notes
and Records. Dar-es-Salam : nº 17, 1944.
Bazin, René. The Loom of Art (trad. de Jonathan Griffin). Nova York: Sim on and
Schuster, 1962.
Beach, D.N. The Shona and Zim babwe: 900-1850. Gwero: Mam bo Press, 1984. Beachey, R.W. The Slave Trade of Eastern Africa. Nova York: Harper & Row,
1976.
Beier, Ulli. The Story of Sacred Wood Carvings from One Yoruba Sm all Town.
Lagos: Nigeria Magazine, 1959.
Ben-Am os, Paula. The Art of Benin. Londres: Tham es & Hudson, 1980. Bernus, Edm ond. “Les Touareg”, em Vallées du Niger, catálogo de exposição
(com issário geral: Jean Devisse). Paris: Réunion des Musées Nationaux, 1993.
Binger, L. G. Du Niger au golfe de Guiné, par le pay s de Kong et de Mossi. Paris:
Hachette, 1892.
Biobaku, S. O. History Without Writing. Lagos: s.d. Birm ingham , David. “The Date and Significance of the Im bangala Invasion of
Angola”, The Journal of African History. Londres: v. VI (1965), nº 2.
Birm ingham , David. Trade and Conflict in Angola: the Mbundu and Their
Neighbours Under the Influence of the Portuguese, 1483-1790. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1966.
Birm ingham , David. “Central Africa from Cam eroun to the Zam bezi”, em The
Cam bridge History of Africa, v. 4, org. por Richard Gray. Cam bridge: Cam bridge University Press, 1975.
Birm ingham , David. “Central Africa from Cam eroun to the Zam bezi”, em The
Cam bridge History of Africa, v. 3, org. por Roland Oliver. Cam bridge: Cam bridge University Press, 1977.
Birm ingham , David, e Marks, Shula. “Southern Africa”, em The Cam bridge
History of Africa, v. 3, org. por Roland Oliver. Cam bridge: Cam bridge University Press, 1977.
Bisson, M.S. “Copper Currency in Central Africa: the Archaeological Evidence”,
World Archaeology. Henley -on-Tham es: v. 6 (1975), nº 3.
Bitiy oung, Yashim Isa. “Culture Nok, Nigeria”, em Vallées du Niger, catálogo de
exposição (com issário geral: Jean Devisse). Paris: Réunion des Musées Nationaux, 1993.
Bivar, A.D.H. Nigerian Panoply : Arm s and Arm our of the Northern Region.
Apapa: Departm ent of Antiquities, Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1964.
Bivar, A.D.H., e Shinnie, P.L. “Old Kanuri Capitals”, The Journal of African
History. Londres: v. III (1962), nº 1.
Bloch, Marc. Les rois thaum aturgues. Strasbourg/Paris: 1923. Blum , Charlotte e Fischer, Hum phrey : “Love for Three Oranges, or, The
Asky as’s Dilem na: The Asky a, al-Maghili and Tim buktu, c. 1500 A. D.”, The Journal of African History. Cam bridge: v. 34 (1993), nº 1.
Boahen, A. Adu. “Kingdom s of West Africa”, em The Horizon History of Africa,
org. por Alvin M. Josephy, Jr. e outros. Nova York: Am erican Heritage, 1971.
Bocarro, Antônio. Década XIII da Índia. Lisboa: Tip. da Academ ia das Ciências,
1876.
Bohannan, Paul. Africa and Africans. Nova York: Garden City, 1964. Borges, Jorge Luís. Discusión. Buenos Aires: Em ecé Editores, 1957. Boserup, Ester. Wom en’s Role in Econom ic Developm ent. Londres: George Allen
and Unwin, 1970.
Boston, J.S. The Igala Kingdom . Ibadan: 1968. Boston, J.S. “Oral Tradition and the History of Igala”, The Journal of African
History. Londres: v. X (1969), nº 1.
Boulègue, Jean, e Suret-Canale, Jean. “The Western Atlantic Coast”, em History
of West Africa, org. por J.F.A. Aj ay i e Michael Crowder, v. I, 3ª ed. Londres: Longm an, 1985.
Bovill, E.W. The Golden Trade of the Moors, 2ª ed., rev. e am pliada por Robin
Hallet. Londres: Oxford University Press, 1968.
Bower, J.R.F. “The Pastoral Neolithic of East Africa”, Journal of World
Prehistory, v. 5.
Bradbury, R.E. “The Kingdom of Benin”, em West African Kingdom s in the
Nineteenth Century, org. por D. Forde e P. M. Kaberry. Londres: 1969.
Bradbury, R.E. Benin Studies. Londres: International African Institute/Oxford
University Press, 1973.
Brett, Michael. “The Arab Conquest and the Rise of Islam in North Africa”, em
The Cam bridge History of Africa, v. 2, org. por J.D. Fage. Cam bridge: Cam bridge University Press, 1978.
Brett, Michael. “Islam and Trade in the Bilad al-Sudan, Tenth-Eleventh Century
AD”, The Journal of African History. Cam bridge: v. 24 (1983), nº 4.
Breuning, Peter; Neum ann, Katharina; Van Neer, Wim . “New Research on the
Holocene Settlem ent and Environm ent of the Chad Basin in Nigeria”, African Archaeological Review, v. 13 (1996), nº 2.
Brooks, George E. “Historical Perspectives on the Guiné-Bissau Region, Fifteenth
to Nineteenth Centuries”, em Vice-alm irante A. Teixeira da Mota: In Mem oriam , v. I. Lisboa: Academ ia de Marinha/Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical, 1987.
Brown, Mervin. Madagascar Rediscovered: A History from Early Tim es to
Independence. Londres: Dam ien Tunnacliffe, 1978.
Bruce, Jam es. Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile in the Years 1768, 1769,
1770, 1771, 1772, 1773. Edim burgo: Edinburgh University Press, 1964.
Bühnen, Stephan. “In Quest of Susu”, History in Africa. Atlanta: v. 21 (1994). Bulliet, Richard W. The Cam el and the Wheel. Cam bridge: Harvard University
Press, 1975.
Burkhalter, Shery l L. “Listening for Silences in Alm oravid History : Another
Reading of ‘The Conquest That Never Was’”, History in Africa. Atlanta: v. 19 (1992).
Burnor, D. R., e Harris, J. E. “Racial Continuity in Lower Nubia: 12000 BC to the
Present”, Proceedings of Indiana Academ y of Sciences for 1967, v. LXXVII (1968).
Butzer, Karl W. “The Palaeo-Ecology of the African Continent: the Phy sical
Environm ent of Africa from the Earliest Geological to Later Stone Age Tim es”, em The Cam bridge History of Africa, vol. I, org. por J. Desm ond Clark. Cam bridge: Cam bridge University Press, 1982.
Buxton, D.R. The Aby ssinians. Londres: Tham es & Hudson, 1970.
Calvocoressi, D., e David, Nicholas. “A New Survey of Radiocarbon and
Therm olum inescence Dates for West Africa”. Londres: The Journal of African History, v. 20 (1979), nº 1.
Cam ps, G. “Beginnings of Pastoralism and Cultivation in North-West Africa and
the Sahara: Origins of the Berbers”, em The Cam bridge History of Africa, v. I, org. por J. Desm ond Clark. Cam bridge: Cam bridge University Press, 1982.
Canetti, Elias. Crowds and Power (trad. de Masse und Machy ). Nova York:
Continuum , 1978.
Cann, R., Stoneking, e Wilson, A. “Mitochondrial DNA and Hum an Evolution”,
Nature, v. 325 (1987).
Cardoso, Mateus (Atribuída a). História do reino do Congo. Lisboa: Centro de
Estudos Históricos Ultram arinos, 1969.
Carvalho, Henrique Augusto Dias de. Expedição portuguesa ao Muantiânvua,
1884-1888: ethnographia e história tradicional dos povos da Lunda. Lisboa: Im prensa Nacional, 1890.
Cascudo, Luís da Câm ara. Made in África. Rio de Janeiro: Editora Civilização
Brasileira, 1965.
Cascudo, Luís da Câm ara. Dicionário do folclore brasileiro, 3ª ed. Rio de Janeiro:
Instituto Nacional do Livro, 1972.
Cascudo, Luís da Câm ara. Civilização e cultura. Rio de Janeiro: Livraria José
Oly m pio Editora, 1973.
Casson, L. Periplus Maris Ery thraei. Lawrenceville: Princeton University Press,
1989.
Caton-Thom pson, G. The Zim babwe Culture: Ruins and Reactions.
Londres/Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1931.
Cavazzi, Giovanni Antonio. Descrição histórica dos três reinos do Congo,
Matam ba e Angola (trad. do Pe. Graciano Maria de Leguzzano). Lisboa: Junta de Investigação do Ultram ar, 1965.
Cerulli, Enrico. “Il sultanato dello Scioa nel secolo XIII secondo un nuovo
docum ento storico”, Rassegna di Studi Etiopici, v. I. Rom a: 1941.
Cerulli, Enrico. Etiopi in Palestina: Storia della Com m unità Etiopica di
Gerusalem m e. Rom a: Libraria dello Stato, v. I e II, 1943 e 1947.
Childe, Gordon. What Happened in History. Harm ondsworth: Penguin Books,
1972.
Childs, Gladwin Murray. “The Chronology of the Ovim bundu Kingdom s”, The
Journal of African History, v. XI (1970), nº 2.
Chittick, H. Neville. “Kilwa and the Arab Settlem ent of the East African Coast”,
The Journal of African History. Londres: v. IV (1963), nº 2.
Chittick, H. Neville. “The ‘Shirazi’ Colonization of East Africa”, The Journal of
African History. Londres: v. VI (1965), nº 3.
Chittick, H. Neville. “A New Look at the History of Pate”, The Journal of African
History. Londres: v. X (1969), nº 3.
Chittick, H. Neville. “The Coast of East Africa”, em The African Iron Age, org.
por P.L. Shinnie. Londres/Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1971.
Chittick, H. Neville. Kilwa, an Islam ic Trading City on the East African Coast.
Nairobi: British Institute in Eastern Africa, 1974.
Chittick, H. Neville. “Excavations at Aksum , 1973-1974: a Prelim inary Report”,
Azania. Nairobi: v. IX (1974).
Chittick, H. Neville. “The East Coast, Madagascar and the Indian Ocean”, em
The Cam bridge History of Africa, v. 3, org. por Roland Oliver. Cam bridge: Cam bridge University Press, 1977.
Chittick, H. Neville. “The Coast Before the Arrival of the Portuguese”, em
Zam ani: A Survey of East African History, org. por B. A. Ogot. Nairobi: East African Publishing House/Longm an, 1980.
Chittick, H. Neville. “L’Afrique de l’Est et l’Orient: les ports et le com m erce avant
l’arrivée des Portugais”, em Relations historiques à travers l’océan Indien. Paris: Unesco, 1980.
Cissoko, S. M. Histoire de l’Afrique occidentale: Moy en Age et tem ps m oderns,
7e siècle-1850. Paris: Présence africaine, 1966.
Cissoko, S. M. “The Songhay from the 12th to the 16th Century ”, em General
History of Africa, org. pela Unesco, v. IV, org. por D.T. Niane. Londres: Heinem ann/University of California Press/Unesco, 1984.
Clapperton, Hugh. Journal of a Second Expedition Into the Interior of Africa from
the Bight of Benin to Soccatoo. Londres: Frank Cass, 1966.
Clark, J.D. “The Stone Figures of Esie”, Nigerian Magazine. Lagos: nº 14, 1938. Clark, J. Desm ond. “The Spread of Food Production in sub-Sahara Africa”, The
Journal of African History. Londres: v. III (1962), nº 2.
Clark, J. Desm ond. “The Pre-Historic Origins of African Culture” The Journal of
African History. Londres: v. V (1964), nº 2.
Clark, J. Desm ond. The Prehistory of Africa. Londres: Tham es & Hudson, 1970. Clark, J. Desm ond. “African Beginnings”, em The Horizon History of Africa,
org. por Alvin M. Josephy e outros. Nova York: Am erican Heritage Publishing, 1971.
Clark, J. Desm ond. “Pré-história da África Austral”, em História geral da África,
org. pela Unesco, V. I, coord. de J. Ki-Zerbo. São Paulo: Ática/Unesco, 1980.
Clark, J. Desm ond. “The Cultures of the Middle Palaeolithic/Middle Stone Age”,
em The Cam bridge History of Africa, v. I, org. por J. Desm ond Clark. Cam bridge: Cam bridge University Press, 1982.
Clark, J. Desm ond (org.). The Cam bridge History of Africa, org. geral de J. D.
Fage e Roland Oliver, v. I, From the Earliest Tim es to c. 500 BC. Cam bridge: Cam bridge University Press, 1982.
Clark, J. Desm ond. e Harris, J. W. K. “Fire and its Roles in Early Hom inid
Lifeway s”, African Archaelogical Review. Cam bridge: v. 3 (1985).
Clarke, Peter B. West Africa and Islam : A Study of Religious Developm ent from
the 8th to the 20th Century. Londres: Edward Arnold, 1982.
Clutton-Brock, Juliet. “The Spread of Dom estic Anim als in Africa”, em The
Archaeology of Africa: Food, Metals and Towns, org. por Thurstan Shaw, Paul Sinclair, Bassey Andah e Alex Okpoko. Londres: Routledge, 1993.
Coelho, Francisco de Lem os. Duas Descrições Seiscentistas da Guiné, com
introdução e notas de Dam ião Peres. Lisboa: Academ ia Portuguesa da História, 1990.
Cohen, D.W. The Historical Tradition of Busoga: Mukam a and Kintu. Oxford:
Clarendon Press, 1972.
Cohen, D.W. “The River-Lakes Nilotes from the Fifteenth to the Nineteenth
Century ”, em Zam ani: a Survey of East African History, org. por B.A. Ogot. Nairobi: East African Publishing House/Longm an, 1980.
Cohen, R. “The Just-So So? A Spurious Tribal Grouping in Western Sudanic
History ”, Man. Londres: nº 62, 1962.
Cohen, R. The Kanuri of Bornu. Nova York: Holt, 1967. Collet, D.P., Vines, A.E., e Hughes, E.G. “The Chronology of the Valley
Enclosures: Im plications for the Interpretation of Great Zim babwe”, African Archaeological Review. Cam bridge: v. 10 (1992).
Connah, Graham . “New Light on the Benin City Wall”, Journal of the Historical
Society of Nigeria. Lagos: v. 3 (1967), nº 4.
Connah, Graham . “The Com ing of Iron: Nok and Daim a”, em Lectures on
Nigerian Prehistory and Archaeology, org. por Thurstan Shaw. Ibadan: Ibadan University Press, 1969.
Connah, Graham . “Archaeology in Benin”, The Journal of African History.
Londres: v. XIII (1972), nº 1.
Connah, Graham . The Archaeology of Benin: Excavations and Other Researches
in and around Benin City, Nigeria. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1975.
Connah, Graham . “The Daim a Sequence and the Prehistoric Chronology of the
Lake Chad Region of Nigeria”, The Journal of African History. Londres: v. XVII (1976), nº 3.
Connah, Graham . Three Thousand Years in Africa: Man and His Environm ent in
the Lake Chad Region of Nigeria. Cam bridge: Cam bridge University Press, 1981.
Connah, Graham . African Civilizations — Precolonial Cities and States in
Tropical Africa: an Archaeological Perspective. Cam bridge: Cam bridge University Press, 1987.
Conrad David C. “A Town Called Dakalaj an: The Sunj ata Tradition and the
Question of Ancient Mali’s Capital”, The Journal of African History. Cam bridge: v. 35 (1994), nº 3.
Conrad, David, e Fisher, Hum phrey. “The Conquest That Never Was: Ghana and
the Alm oravids, 1076: I. The External Arabic Sources; II. The Local Oral Sources”, History in Africa. Waltham : v. 9 (1982) e v. 10 (1983).
Contenson, H. de. “A cultura pré-axum ita”, em História geral da África, org. pela
Unesco, v. II, coord. por G. Mokhtar. São Paulo: Ática/Unesco, 1980.
Conti-Rossini, Carlo. Storia d’Etiopia, parte I, Dalle Origini all’avvento della
Dinastia Salom onide. Bérgam o: Instituto Italiano d’Arti Grafiche, 1928.
Cooley, W. D. The Negroland of the Arabs. Londres: 1841. Cooper, Frederick. “Slavery in Africa. Miers and Kopy toff (eds.)”, African
Econom ic History. Madison: nº 5, 1978.
Cooper, Frederick. “The Problem of Slavery in African Studies”, The Journal of
African History. Cam bridge: v. 20 (1979), nº 1.
Coppens, Y. “A hom inização: problem as gerais”, em História geral da África,
org. pela Unesco, v. I, coord. por J. Ki-Zerbo. São Paulo: Ática/Unesco, 1980.
Cornet, Joseph. Art de l’Afrique noire au pay s du fleuve Zaïre, com fotos de
Willy Kerr. Bruxelas: Arcade, 1972.
Cornevin, Marianne, e Cornevin, Robert. Histoire de l’Afrique, des origines à nos
j ours. Paris: Petit Bibliothèque Pay ot, 1964.
Cornevin, Robert. Histoire des peuples de l’Afrique noire. Paris: Berger-Levrault,
1960.
Cornevin, Robert. Histoire du Dahom ey. Paris: Berger-Levrault, 1962. Cornevin, Robert. Histoire du Togo. Paris: Berger-Levrault, 1962. Cornevin, Robert. Histoire du Congo-Léo. Paris: Berger-Levrault, 1963. Cornevin, Robert. Histoire de l’Afrique, des origines à nos j ours, v. I. Paris: Pay ot,
1967.
Corrêa, Mendes. Ultram ar português, v. I, Síntese da África. Lisboa: Agência
Geral das Colônias, 1949.
Correia, Gaspar: Lendas da Índia, ed. org. por Rodrigo José de Lim a Felner.
Lisboa: Academ ia Real das Ciências, v. I a VIII, 1856-1866.
Cosm as Indicopleustes. The Christian Topography of..., ed. org. por E. O.
Winstedt. Cam bridge: 1899.
Costa, Pereira da. “Folklore pernam bucano”, em Revista do Instituto Histórico e
Geográfico Brasileiro. Rio de Janeiro: v. LXX (1907), parte II.
Crowder, Michael. The Story of Nigeria. Londres: Faber and Faber, 1962. Cuoq, Joseph M. Recueil des sources arabes concernant l’Afrique Occidentale du
VIIIe au XVIe siècle. Paris: Editions du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1975.
Curtin, Philip D. The Atlantic Slave Trade: a Census. Madison: The University of
Wisconsin Press, 1969.
Curtin, Philip D. “The Lure of Bam buk Gold”, The Journal of African History.
Londres: v. XIV (1973), nº 4.
Curtin, Philip D. “Measuring the Atlantic Slave Trade Once Again: a Com m ent
by...”, The Journal of African History. Londres: v. XVII (1976), nº 4.
Dalby, David. “The Prehistorical Im plications of Guthrie’s Com parative Bantu.
Part I: Problem s of Internal Relationship”, The Journal of African History. Londres: v. XVI (1975), nº 4; “Part II. Interpretation of cultural vocabulary ”, Ibidem , v. XVII (1976), nº 1.
Dalby, David. “Mapa linguístico da África”, em História geral da África, org.
pela Unesco, v. I, coord. por J. Ki-Zerbo. São Paulo: Ática/Unesco, 1980.
Darling, Patrick J. Archaeology and History in Southern Nigeria: the Ancient
Linear Earthworks of Benin and Ishan. Cam bridge: Monographs in African Archaeology, 1984.
Darling, Patrick J. “Em erging Towns in Benin and Ishan (Nigeria), AD 500-
1500”, em State and Society : The Em ergence and Developm ent of Social Hierarchy and Political Centralization, org. por John Gledhill, Barbara Bender e Mogens Trolle Larsen. Londres: Unwin Hy m an, 1988.
David, N. “Early Bantu Expansion in the Context of Central African Prehistory ”,
em Expansion Bantou, org. por L. Bouquiaux. Paris: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1982.
Davidson, Basil: Black Mother. Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1961. Davidson, Basil. La Historia em pezó en Africa (trad. de Old Africa
Rediscovered). Barcelona: Ediciones Garriga, 1963.
Davidson, Basil. “The Niger to the Nile”, em The Horizon History of Africa, org.
por Alvin M. Josephy, Jr. e outros. Nova York: Am erican Heritage, 1971.
Davidson Basil. Africa: History of a Continent. Londres: Spring Books, 1978. Davidson, Basil e outros. African Kingdom s. Nova York: Tim e-Life, 1966. Davies, Oliver. “The Iron Age in sub-Saharan Africa”, Current Anthropology.
Chicago: v. VII (1966), nº 4.
Davies, Oliver. West Africa Before the Europeans: Archaeology and Prehistory.
Londres: Methuen, 1967.
Davis, David Brion. Slavery and Hum an Progress. Nova York: Oxford University
Press, 1986.
Debisse, J., e Labid, S. “Africa in Inter-Continental Relations”, em General
History of Africa, org. pela Unesco, vol. IV, org. por D.T. Niane. Londres: Heinem ann/University of California Press/Unesco, 1984.
DeGraft-Johnson, J.C. Le civiltà scom parse dell’Africa (trad. por Marco
Guarnaschelli de The Story of Vanished Negro Civilizations). Milão: Feltrinelli, 1960.
Delafosse, Maurice. Haut-Sénégal-Niger (Soudan Français). Paris: Larose, 1912. Dem ougeot, Em ilienne. “Le cham eau et l’Afrique du Nord rom aine”, Annales:
econom ies, sociétés, civilisations. Paris: ano 15 (1960), nº 2.
Denbow, Jam es. “A New Look at the Later Prehistory of the Kalahari”, The
Journal of African History. Cam bridge: v. 27 (1986), nº 1.
Descham ps, Hubert. Le Sénégal et la Gam bie. Paris: Presses Universitaires de
France, 1964.
Descham ps, Hubert (org.). Histoire générale de l’Afrique Noire, de Madagascar
et des Archipels. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1970.
Descham ps, Hubert. “Histoire de la Grande Ile”, em Histoire général de
l’Afrique Noire, de Madagascar et des Archipels, org. por Hubert Descham ps, v. I. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1970.
Descham ps, Hubert. Histoire de Madagascar, 4ª ed. rev. Paris: Berger-Levrault,
1972.
Desm edt, Christiane. “Poteries anciennes décorées à la roulette dans la Région
des Grands Lacs”, African Archaeological Review. Cam bridge: v. 9 (1991).
Desplagnes, L. “Fouilles du tum ulus d’El Oualedgi”, anotado por Ray m ond
Mauny, Bulletin de l’IFAN. Dacar: v. 13 (1951), nº 4.
Devisse, J. “Trade and Trade Routes in West Africa”, em General History of
Africa, org. pela Unesco, v. III, org. por M. El Fasi e I. Hrbek. Londres: Heinem ann/University of California Press/Unesco, 1988.
Devisse, J. (org.) Vallées du Níger, catálogo de exposição. Paris: Réunion des
Musées Nationaux, 1993.
Devisse, J. “L’or”, em Vallées du Niger, catálogo de exposição (com issário geral:
Jean Devisse). Paris: Réunion des Musées Nationaux, 1993.
Devisse, Jean; Diallo, Boubacar. “Le Seuil du Wagadu”, em Vallées du Niger,
catálogo de exposição (com issário geral: Jean Devisse). Paris: Réunion des Musées Nationaux, 1993.
Devisse, J., e Labib, S. “Africa in Inter-Continental relations”, em General
History of Africa, org. pela Unesco, v. IV, org. por D.T. Niane. Londres: Heinem ann/University of California/Unesco, 1984.
Devisse, Jean; Sidibé, Sam uel. “Mandinka et m andéphones”, em Vallées du
Niger, catálogo de exposição (com issário geral: Jean Devisse). Paris: Réunion des Musées Nationaux, 1993.
Devisse, Jean; Vernet, Robert. “Le Bassin des vallées du Niger: chronologie et
espaces”, em Vallées du Niger, catálogo de exposição (com issário geral: Jean Devisse). Paris: Réunion des Musées Nationaux, 1993.
Dias, Jill R. Nas Vésperas do Mundo Moderno: Africa, trad. de José Luís Luna.
Lisboa: Com issão Nacional para as Com em orações dos Descobrim entos Portugueses, 1992.
Dias, Luiz Fernando de Carvalho. “Fontes para a História, Geografia e Com ércio
de Moçam bique, séc. XVIII”, Anais. Lisboa: Junta de Investigação do Ultram ar, v. 9 (1954), tom o 1.
Diodoro de Sicília. Diodours Siculu’s Library of History, trad. de C.H. Oldfather,
C.B. Welles, R.M. Greer e F.F. Walton. Cam bridge: Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, v. I a XII, 1933-1967.
Diop, Cheikh Anta. Nations nègres et cultures. Paris: Présence africaine, 1955. Diop, Cheikh Anta. L’Afrique noire précoloniale: étude com paré des sy stèm es
politiques et sociaux. Paris: Présence Africaine, 1960.
Diop, Cheikh Anta. Anteriorité des civilisations nègres: m y the ou vérité historique.
Paris: Présence africaine, 1967.
Diop, L.M. “Metallurgie et l’âge du fer en Afrique”. Dacar: Bulletin de l’IFAN,
série B, v. XXX (1968).
Dom enichini-Ram iaram anana, B. “Madagascar”, General History of Africa,
org. pela Unesco, v. III, org. por M. El Fasi e I. Hrbek. Londres: Heinem ann/University of California Press/Unesco, 1988.
Donelha, André. Descrição da Serra Leoa e dos Rios de Guiné do Cabo Verde,
1625, ed. org. por A. Teixeira da Mota. Lisboa: Junta de Investigações do Ultram ar, 1977.
Doortm ont, Michel R. “The Invention of the Yorubas: Regional and Pan-African
Nationalism Versus Ethnic Provincialism ”, em Self-Assertion and Brokerage: Early Cultural Nationalism in West Africa, org. por P.F. de Moraes Farias e Karin Barber. Birm ingham : University of Birm ingham , 1990.
Dram ani-Issifou, Z. “Les Songhay : dim ension historique”, em Vallées du Niger,
catálogo de exposição (com issário geral: Jean Devisse). Paris: Réunion des Musées Nationaux, 1993.
Drewal, J.H. “Ife: Origins of Art and Civilization”, em Yoruba: Nine Centuries of
African Art and Thought. Nova York: The Center of African Art, 1989.
Dunglas, Edouard. “Contribution à l’histoire du Moy en Dahom ey ”, Etudes
Dahom éennes. Porto Novo: v. XIX (1957).
Duy vendak, J.J.L. China’s Discovery of Africa. Londres: Probsthain, 1949.
Eades, J.S. The Yoruba Today. Cam bridge: Cam bridge University Press, 1980. Edwards, David N. “Meroe and the Sudanic Kingdom s”, The Journal of African
History. Cam bridge: v. 39 (1998), nº 2.
Edwards, David N. The Nubian Past: an Archaeology of the Sudan. Londres:
Routledge, 2004.
Éfeso, João de. Ecclesiastical History of John of Ephesus. Trad. de Pay ne-Sm ith.
Londres: 1860.
Eggert, Manfred K.H. “Historical Linguistics and Prehistoric Archaeology : Trend
and Pattern in Early Iron Age Research of sub-Saharan Africa”, Beitrage zur Allgem einen und Vergleichenden Archaeologie, v. 3, 1981.
Egharevba, Jacob U. Benin Law and Custom . Port Harcourt: 1949. Egharevba, Jacob. A Short History of Benin, 3ª ed.. Ibadan: Ibadan University
Press, 1969.
Ehret, Christopher. “Cattle-Keeping and Milking in Eastern and Southern African
History : the Linguistic Evidence”, The Journal of African History. Londres: v. VIII (1967), nº 1.
Ehret, Christopher. “Cushites and the Highland and Plains Nilotes to A.D. 1880”,
em Zam ani: a Survey of East African History, org. por B.A. Ogot. Nairobi: East African Publishing House/Longm an, 1980.
Ehret, Christopher. “Between the Coast and the Great Lakes”, em General
History of Africa, org. pela Unesco, v. IV, org. por D.T. Niane. Londres: Heinem ann/University of California Press/Unesco, 1984.
Ehret, Christopher. “The East African Interior”, em General History of Africa,
org. pela Unesco, v. III, org. por M. El Fasi e I. Hrbek. Londres: Heinem ann/University of California Press/Unesco, 1988.
Elisofon, Eliot e Fag, William B. The Sculpture of Africa. Londres: Tham es &
Hudson, 1958.
Elphick, Richard. Kraal and Castle: Khoikhoi and the Founding of White South
Africa. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1977.
Em ery, W.B. Egy pt in Nubia. Londres: Hutchinson, 1965. Epstein, H. The Origin of the Dom estic Anim als in Africa. Nova York: Africana
Publishing Com pany, 1971.
Esoavelom androso, F. “Madagascar and the Neighboring Islands from the 12th to
the 16th Century ”, em General History of Africa, org. pela Unesco, v. IV, org. por D.T. Niane. Londres: Heinem ann/University of California Press/Unesco, 1984.
Esterm ann, Carlos. Etnografia do sudoeste de Angola. Lisboa: Junta de
Investigação do Ultram ar, 1960.
Estrabão. Strabo’s Geography, trad. de H.L. Jones. Londres: Heinem ann, v. 1 a 8,
1917-1932.
Evans-Pritchard, E.E. The Nuer: A Description of the Modes of Livelihood and
Political Institutions of a Nilotic People. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1940.
Ey o, Ekpo. Two Thousand Years Nigerian Art. Lagos: Federal Departm ent of
Antiquities, 1977.
Ey o, Ekpo. “Introduction”, em Treasures of Ancient Nigeria. Nova York: Alfred
A. Knopf, 1980.
Fabunm i, P.A. Ife Shrines. Ife: University of Ife Press, 1969. Fagan, Brian M. “The Greefswald Sequence: Bam bandy analo and Mapungubwe,
The Journal of African History. Londres: v. V (1964), nº 3.
Fagan, Brian M. Southern Africa during the Iron Age. Londres: Tham es &
Hudson, 1965.
Fagan, Brian M. (org.). A Short History of Zam bia from the Earliest Tim es until
A.D. 1900. Nairobi: Oxford University Press, 1967.
Fagan, Brian M. “The Later Iron Age in South Africa”, em African Societies in
Southern Africa, org. por L. Thom pson. Nova York: Praeger, 1969.
Fagan, Brian M. África Austral (trad. de Southern Africa por Tom é Santos
Júnior). Lisboa: Editorial Verbo, 1970.
Fagan, Brian M. “Zam bia and Rhodesia”, em The African Iron Age, org. por P.L.
Shinnie. Londres/Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1971.
Fagan, Brian M. “The Zam bezi and Lim popo basins: 1100-1500”, em General
History of Africa, org. pela Unesco, v. IV, org. por D.T. Niane. Londres: Heinem ann/University of California Press/Unesco, 1984.
Fage, J.D. “Anthropology, Botany and the Study of Africa”, The Journal of
African History. Londres: v. II (1961), nº 2.
Fage, J.D. “Som e Rem arks on Beads and Trade in Lower Guinea in the Sixteenth
and Seventeenth Centuries”, The Journal of African History. Londres: v. III (1962), nº 2.
Fage, J.D. “Reflections on the Early History of the Mossi-Dagom ba Group of
States”, em The Historian in Tropical Africa, org. por Jan Vansina, Ray m ond Mauny e L.V. Thom as. Londres: Oxford University Press, 1964.
Fage, J.D. Ghana – A Historical Interpretation. Madison: The University of
Winsconsin Press, 1966.
Fage, J.D. A History of West Africa. Cam bridge: Cam bridge University Press,
1969.
Fage, J.D. “Slavery and the Slave-Trade in the Context of West African History ”,
The Journal of African History. Londres: v. X (1969), nº 4.
Fage, J.D. Africa Discovers Her Past. Londres: Oxford University Press, 1970. Fage, J.D. “Upper and Lower Guinea”, em The Cam bridge History of Africa, v.
3, org. por Roland Oliver. Cam bridge: Cam bridge University Press, 1977.
Fage, J.D. A History of Africa. Londres: Hutchinson University Library for
Africa, 1985.
Fage, J.D. (org.). The Cam bridge History of Africa, org. geral de J. D. Fage e
Roland Oliver, v. 2, c. 500 BC – AD 1050. Cam bridge: Cam bridge University Press, 1978.
Fage, J.D., e Oliver, R.A. (org.). Papers in African Prehistory. Londres:
Cam bridge University Press, 1970.
Fage, J.D., e Oliver, Roland (org. geral). The Cam bridge History of Africa.
Cam bridge: Cam bridge University Press, 8 v.: v. 1, 1982; v. 2, 1978; v. 3, 1977; v. 4, 1975.
Fage, J.D., e Verity, Maureen. An Atlas of African History, 2ª ed. Londres:
Edward Arnold, 1978.
Fagg, Bernard. “A Prelim inary Note on a New Series of Pottery Figures from
Northern Nigeria”, Africa. Londres: v. XV (1945).
Fagg, Bernard E.B. “A Life-Size Terracotta Head from Nok”, Man. Londres: v. 56
(1956), nº 95.
Fagg, Bernard E.B. “The Nok Culture in Prehistory ”, Journal of the Historical
Society of Nigeria. Ibadan: v. I (1959), nº 4.
Fagg, Bernard E.B. “Mining for History ”, Nigeria Magazine, núm ero especial
dedicado à independência da Nigéria. Lagos: outubro de 1960.
Fagg, Bernard E.B. “The Radiocarbon Dating of the Nok Culture, Northern
Nigeria”. Londres: Nature, 9 j aneiro 1965.
Fagg, Bernard E.B. “Recent Work in West Africa: New Light on the Nok Culture”.
Londres: World Archaeology, v. I (1969), nº 1.
Fagg, Bernard E.B. Nok Terracotas. Lagos: Nigerian Museum , 1977. Fagg, William B. “De l’Art des Yoruba”, Présence africaine. Paris: 1951, nos 10-
11.
Fagg, William B. Nigerian Im ages: The Splendor of African Sculpture. Londres:
Lund Hum phries, 1963.
Fagg, William B. L’Art de l’Afrique centrale: sculptures et m asques tribaux. Paris:
Unesco/Union Générale d’Editions, 1967.
Fagg, William B. L’Art de l’Afrique occidentale: sculptures et m asques tribaux.
Paris: Unesco/Union Générale d’Editions, 1967.
Fagg, William B. African Sculpture, catálogo da exposição org. por The
International Exhibitions Foundation, Washington, D.C., 1970.
Fagg, William B. Divine Kingship in Africa, 2ª ed. Londres: British Museum ,
1978.
Fagg, William B., e Form an, W. & B. L’Art nègre: ivoires afro-portugais. Praga:
Artia Prague, 1959.
Fagg, William B., Pem perton 3rd, John, e Holcom be, Bry ce. Yoruba Sculpture of
West Africa. Nova York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1982.
Falola, Toy in, e Doortm ont, Michel R. “Iwe Itan Oy o: a Traditional Yoruba
History and its Author”, The Journal of African History. Cam bridge: v. 30 (1989), nº 2.
Farias, Paulo Fernando de Moraes. “The Alm oravids: Som e Questions
Concerning the Character of the Movem ent During its Periods of Closest Contact with the Western Sudan”, Bulletin de l’IFAN. Dacar: v. XXIX (1967), sér. B, 3-4.
Farias, Paulo Fernando de Moraes. “Great States Revisited”, The Journal of
African History. Londres: v. XV (1974), nº 3.
Farias, Paulo Fernando de Moraes. “‘Yoruba origins’ revisited by Muslim s”, em
Self-Assertion and Brokerage: Early Cultural Nationalism in West Africa. Birm ingham : University of Birm ingham , 1990.
Farias, Paulo Fernando de Moraes. Arabic Medieval Inscriptions from the
Republic of Mali: Epigraphy, Chronicles and Songhay -Tuareg History. Oxford: British Academ y / Oxford University Press, 2003.
Farias, Paulo Fernando de Moraes, e Barber, Karin (org.). Self-Assertion and
Brokerage: Early Cultural Nationalism in West Africa. Birm ingham : University of Birm ingham , 1990.
Fasi, M. El e Hrbek, I. “Stages in the developm ent of Islam and its dissem ination
in Africa”, em General History of Africa, org. pela Unesco, v. III, org. por M. El Fasi e I. Hrbek. Londres: Heinem ann/University of California Press/Unesco, 1988.
Fasi, M. El e Hrbek, I. (org.) General History of Africa, org. pela Unesco, v. III.
Londres: Heinem ann/University of California Press/Unesco, 1988.
Fattovich, R. “Rem arks on the Pre-Aksum ite Period in Northern Ethiopia”,
Journal of Ethiopinan Studies, v. 23 (1990).
Fattovich, R. “Ancient Ethiopia. Aksum : Its Antecedents and Successors, by
David W. Phillipson”, African Archaeological Review, v. 17, (2000), nº 2.
Fernandes, Valentim . O m anuscrito “Valentim Fernandes”, leitura e revisão das
provas por António Baião. Lisboa: Academ ia Portuguesa da História, 1940.
Filesi, Teobaldo. China and Africa in the Middle Ages (trad. por David L. Morison
de Le relazione della Cina con l’Africa nel Medio-Evo). Londres: Frank Cass, 1972.
Finley, Moses I. “Slavery ”, International Ency clopedia of the Social Sciences.
Nova York: v. XIV, 1968.
Finley, Moses I. “The Idea of Slavery : Critique of David Brion Davis’ The
Problem of Slavery in Western Culture”, em Slavery in The New World: A Reader in Com parative Culture, org. por Laura Foner e Eugene D. Genovese. Englewood Cliffes: Prentice-Hall, 1969.
Fisher, Allan G.B., e Fisher, Hum phrey J. Slavery and Muslim Society in Africa:
The Institution in Saharan and Sudanic Africa and the Trans-Saharan Trade. Londres: C. Hurst, 1970.
Fisher, Hum phrey J. “He Swalloweth the Ground with Fierceness and Rage’: The
Horse in the Central Sudan: I. Its Introduction”, The Journal of African History. Londres: v. XIII (1972), nº 3; “II. Its Use”, Ibidem , v. XIV (1973), nº 3.
Fisher, Hum phrey J. “The eastern Maghrib and the central Sudan”, em The
Cam bridge History of Africa, v. 3, org. por Roland Oliver. Cam bridge: Cam bridge University Press, 1977.
Fisher, Hum phrey J. “Leo Africanus and the Songhay Conquest of Hausaland”,
International Journal of African Historical Studies. Boston: v. XI (1978).
Fisher, Hum phrey J. “Early Arabic Sources and the Alm oravid Conquest of
Ghana”, The Journal of African History. Cam bridge: v. 23 (1982), nº 4.
Fisher, Hum phrey J. “Of Slaves, and Souls of Men”, The Journal of African
History. Cam bridge: v. 28 (1987), nº 1.
Flight, Colin. “A Survey of Recent Results in the Radiocarbon Chronology of
Northern and Western Africa”, The Journal of African History. Londres: v. XIV (1973), nº 4.
Flight, Colin. “The Chronology of the Kings and Queen-Mothers of Bono-Manso:
a Revaluation of the Evidence”, The Journal of African History. Londres: v. XI (1979), nº 2.
Foley, R. A. “Review Article. Problem s in the Early Evolution of Hom o: the East
African Record and the Evolutionary Relationships of the Early Hom inids”, African Archaeological Review. Cam bridge: v. 10 (1992).
Foner, Laura, e Genovese, Eugene D. (org.). Slavery in the New World: A
Reader in Com parative History. Englewood Cliffes: Prentice-Hall, 1969.
Fosse, Eustache de la. Crônica de um a Viagem à Costa da Mina no Ano de 1480,
trad. de Pedro Alvim , com prólogo de Joaquim Montezum a de Carvalho. Lisboa: Vega, 1992.
Frazer, Jam es George. The Golden Bough: A Study of Magic and Religion. Nova
York: Macm illan, 1941.
Freem an-Grenville, G.S.P. The Medieval History of the Coast of Tangany ika.
Londres: Oxford University Press, 1962.
Freem an-Grenville, G.S.P. The East African Coast: Selected Docum ents from the
First to the Early Nineteenth Century. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1962.
Frend, W.H.C. The Rise of the Monophy site Movem ent. Cam bridge: Cam bridge
University Press, 1972.
Frobenius, Leo. My thologie de l’Atlantide. Paris: Pay ot, 1949. Frobenius, Leo. Histoire de la civilisation africaine. Paris: Gallim ard, 1952. Frobenius, Leo. The Voice of Africa, trad. de Rudolf Bind. Londres: Frank Cass,
1968.
Fuglestad, Finn. “A Reconsideration of Hausa History Before the Jihad”, The
Journal of African History. Londres: v. XIX (1978), nº 3.
Gabus, Jean. Art nègre: recherche de ses fonctions et dim ensions. Neuchâtel:
1967.
Gaillard, M. “Niani, ancienne capitale de l’em pire m andingue”, Bulletin du
Com ité d’Etudes historiques et scientifiques de l’A.O.F.. Dacar: v. VIII (1923).